This issue presents a critical analysis of the Union Budget 2025–26, with a particular focus on its implications for the agricultural sector. Despite agriculture employing over 46% of India’s workforce and contributing nearly 18% to the national GDP, the sector received a modest allocation of INR 1.49 trillion—just 2.9% of the total budget when allied ministries are included. Through an evidence-based assessment, this volume investigates whether the announced allocations and flagship initiatives such as the Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana, enhanced Kisan Credit Card limits, and sector-specific missions on pulses, cotton, and makhana can drive climate resilience, productivity, and income growth for farmers. It also scrutinizes the current system of agricultural subsidies and advocates for a shift from input-based subsidies to income support and R&D investments to promote long-term sustainability.
The issue features four analytical articles examining key schemes and policies: the inefficiencies and environmental consequences of the fertiliser subsidy system; implementation hurdles in the PM Fasal Bima Yojana, including high premiums and claim delays; the strategic potential of the Cotton Mission in reviving the textile value chain; and the promise of the Makhana Board to empower Bihar’s makhana farmers. Drawing from empirical research and policy analysis, the report outlines actionable recommendations to strengthen governance, improve fiscal efficiency, and boost innovation across the agricultural sector. It aims to guide policymakers and stakeholders toward building a resilient, equitable, and sustainable agricultural economy in line with the broader goals of Atmanirbhar Bharat and Viksit Bharat.
